What does «Gases (absorción)» mean in Spanish?
- These are said to be absorbed by the liquids in which they dissolve (v. Solution). The amount of gas that can dissolve in a liquid to obtain a saturated solution depends on the temperature and pressure, as well as on the nature of the gas and the solvent. When the temperature is raised, the amount of gas that can remain in solution decreases and there is a release of gas. If the temperature is kept constant, the amount of gas that can dissolve in a given volume of solvent is usually proportional to the pressure of the gas in contact with the solution. Thus, when carbon dioxide gas is dissolved under pressure in water, carbonated water is formed, from which the gas separates with effervescence if the pressure of the solution is sharply decreased by opening the container. The solubility of gases is highly variable. At ambient pressure and temperature, water dissolves only a few hundredths of its own volume of oxygen or helium; but it dissolves several hundred times its volume of gases such as ammonia or hydrogen chloride, because these latter gases react chemically with it. Often the gas is bubbled through the liquid or the liquid is sprayed into the gas, since adsorption is easier when the adsorbent surface area is increased. The term Adsorption is used instead of absorption for the process by which a solid retains gases. The gaseous molecules adhere to the surface of the solid instead of dispersing through it, as they do in an absorbing liquid. The adsorption of gases by metals is commonly called occlusion.